Articles and Research Papers for University-Level Study

Modern business landscapes are defined by constant change. Technologies evolve, customer expectations shift, industries converge, and competitive pressures intensify. In this environment, long-term success is rarely the result of operational efficiency alone. It emerges from the dynamic interaction between business models, business strategy, and innovation. These three elements form the intellectual architecture of organizations, shaping how firms create value, defend competi

Introduction: Starting or growing a business without a plan is like setting off on a road trip without a map. A business plan  is a...

Strategy formulation is a critical process for organizations seeking to navigate dynamic and competitive markets. It involves setting long-term objectives, identifying key resources, analyzing the external environment, and determining the most effective courses of action. Strategic thinking, which underpins this process, is characterized by creativity, foresight, and a deep understanding of an organization’s capabilities and limitations. This paper explores the relationship b