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Doctors In Business Journal: Your Source for Business Insights and Academic Material to help drive your success.
Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Business Growth: How Belief, Capability, and Action Drive Sustainable Entrepreneurial Success
In the last decade, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to promote entrepreneurial opportunities has grown, providing a strong platform for digitally enabled entrepreneurship. AI is advancing the progress of entrepreneurship by redefining and reshaping business and strategy and is a key element in enabling competitiveness and the ability of entrepreneurs to navigate uncertain environments ( Olan, et al., 2024). Entrepreneurship is often discussed in terms of ideas, fundin
Miguel Virgen, PhD Student in Business
Feb 108 min read
Fintech and Banking: How Digital Innovation Is Redefining the Financial System
The financial system has always evolved alongside technology, but few periods have seen change as rapid or as consequential as the current era. Fintech and banking, once viewed as separate worlds, are now deeply intertwined. Traditional banks that dominated global finance for centuries are being reshaped by software-driven innovators, while fintech companies increasingly resemble banks in everything but name. This convergence is redefining how money moves, how credit is alloc
Dr. Bruce Moynihan, Ph.D. in Business Administration
Feb 57 min read
The Smart Entrepreneur’s Guide to Using Credit Cards to Fuel Business Growth
For modern entrepreneurs, credit cards are no longer just a payment tool. They have evolved into one of the most flexible and powerful financial instruments available to small business owners. When used strategically, credit cards can help entrepreneurs manage cash flow, smooth out revenue volatility, earn valuable rewards, and even fund growth without giving up equity. In an environment where access to traditional financing can be slow or restrictive, credit cards often beco
Dr. Bruce Moynihan, Ph.D. in Business Administration
Feb 57 min read
Best Payroll Software for Small Businesses in 2026: Your Guide to Smarter, Easier Payroll Management
Payroll management remains one of the most critical yet challenging administrative tasks for small business owners. Payroll isn’t just about cutting checks — it’s about ensuring compliance with ever-changing federal and state tax laws, managing withholdings correctly, processing direct deposits, and maintaining accurate records for W-2s and 1099s. Handling these tasks manually with spreadsheets or basic accounting software can lead to costly errors, audit risks, and wasted ho
Dr. Bruce Moynihan, Ph.D. in Business Administration
Feb 27 min read
Artificial Intelligence and the Changing Nature of New Ventures: Introducing the Virgen Framework for AI-Driven Entrepreneurship
The Virgen Framework: A framework for launching and operating a large company with a small team or a single founder by exploiting artificial intelligence (AI) at scale. The Virgen Framework is an organizational and strategic framework introduced in 2026 by Miguel Virgen that explains how large scale enterprises can be launched, managed, and scaled by a very small team, or a single founder through the systematic exploitation of artificial intelligence (AI) at scale. The fr
From Resources to Sustainable Advantage: A Deep Examination of the VRIO Framework in Strategic Management and Entrepreneurship
Strategic management scholarship has long been concerned with explaining why some firms consistently outperform others despite operating in similar industries and environments. While early strategy research emphasized industry structure and competitive positioning, subsequent scholarship shifted attention toward the internal characteristics of firms as the primary drivers of sustained performance differences. The VRIO framework (value, rarity, imitability and organization), h
Agile and Scrum as Adaptive Frameworks for Managing Complexity in Innovation and Entrepreneurship
The Agile and Scrum framework represents a fundamental shift in how organizations conceive, plan, and execute complex work. Emerging initially within software development, Agile challenged traditional, plan-driven project management approaches that assumed stable requirements and predictable outcomes. Software Development based on Scrum Agile in a distributed development environment plays a pivotal role in the software industry by facilitating software development across geog
Explanation of the OKR (Objectives and Key Results) Framework in Strategic Performance Management
One of the most persistent problems in management theory and practice is the gap between strategic intent and day-to-day execution. Businesses need to develop new performance measurement systems to help solve complex issues. One such measurement system is objectives and key results (OKRs), which has been adopted by Google with great success ( Rompho, 2024). Organizations often articulate compelling visions yet struggle to convert them into coordinated action across teams and
Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Business Growth: How Belief, Capability, and Action Drive Sustainable Entrepreneurial Success
In the last decade, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to promote entrepreneurial opportunities has grown, providing a strong platform for digitally enabled entrepreneurship. AI is advancing the progress of entrepreneurship by redefining and reshaping business and strategy and is a key element in enabling competitiveness and the ability of entrepreneurs to navigate uncertain environments ( Olan, et al., 2024). Entrepreneurship is often discussed in terms of ideas, fundin
What Factors Make Startups Successful? Strategic, Financial, and Human Drivers of High-Performing Startups
In the last decade, the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to promote entrepreneurial opportunities has grown, providing a strong platform for digitally enabled entrepreneurship. AI is advancing the progress of entrepreneurship by redefining and reshaping business and strategy and is a key element in enabling competitiveness and the ability of entrepreneurs to navigate uncertain environments ( Olan, et al., 2024). Startup success is often portrayed as the result of a breakth
Entrepreneurial Strategy and Business Performance: How Vision, Execution, and Strategic Discipline Shape Long-Term Value Creation
Entrepreneurship is often romanticized as the triumph of bold ideas and visionary founders. Yet history shows that ideas alone rarely produce lasting success. What separates high-performing entrepreneurial firms from those that stagnate or fail is not inspiration, but strategy. Entrepreneurial strategy provides the connective tissue between opportunity and outcome. It translates uncertainty into structured action and ambition into measurable business performance. In the last
QuickBooks, Xero, and FreshBooks: How Modern Accounting Software Is Powering Smarter, Faster, and More Profitable Businesses
Accounting software has quietly become one of the most important pillars of modern business success. As companies move faster, operate remotely, and rely more heavily on real-time data, traditional spreadsheets and manual bookkeeping have proven insufficient. Cloud-based accounting platforms such as QuickBooks, Xero, and FreshBooks have stepped in to fill this gap, transforming financial management from a back-office chore into a strategic advantage. Today’s businesses expect
Is the U.S. Dollar Losing Its Edge in 2026? Why Global Investors Are Turning to China, India, and South Korea
For more than a decade, the U.S. dollar has stood as the dominant force in global finance, benefiting from economic resilience, high interest rates, and its status as the world’s primary reserve currency. However, 2026 may mark a pivotal shift. For the first time in roughly 15 years, the dollar is showing credible signs of sustained weakening, sparking widespread discussion among economists, investors, and policymakers. This potential decline is not occurring in isolation. It
Nike’s Robotic Shoe Revolution: How Project Amplify Is Becoming the E-Bike for Your Feet
For decades, athletic footwear has evolved through incremental improvements in materials, cushioning, and design. From air-cushioned soles to carbon fiber plates, each innovation has aimed to make athletes faster, stronger, and more efficient. Now, a new frontier is emerging—one that blends biomechanics, robotics, and artificial intelligence into a single wearable experience. Nike’s Project Amplify represents a bold step into this future, introducing what many are calling the
Judge Stops Nexstar–Tegna TV Media Merger: Why a Federal Court Says the Deal Likely Violates the Clayton Act
A federal judge’s decision to halt the proposed merger between Nexstar Media Group and Tegna Inc. has sent shockwaves through the American television industry. The ruling represents one of the most consequential antitrust interventions in broadcast media in years and signals renewed scrutiny of consolidation across local news markets. Chief U.S. District Judge Troy L. Nunley issued a preliminary injunction blocking integration between the two station groups after concluding t
What AI Bubble? Why JPMorgan Says AI Stocks Are Becoming Popular Again
For nearly two years, critics warned that artificial intelligence equities were headed toward a classic speculative collapse. Rising valuations, massive capital expenditures by hyperscalers, and investor concentration in a handful of mega-cap technology firms triggered comparisons to the dot-com era. Yet in early 2026, one of Wall Street’s most influential voices—JPMorgan Chase—has pushed back decisively against the bubble thesis and instead signaled that AI stocks are regain
The Entrepreneurial Process Model: A Dynamic Framework for Opportunity Creation, Evaluation, and Venture Evolution
The entrepreneurial process model represents one of the most influential frameworks in entrepreneurship scholarship, offering a systematic explanation of how new ventures emerge, evolve, and, in some cases, fail. Rather than portraying entrepreneurship as a single act of innovation or risk-taking, the model conceptualizes it as an unfolding process shaped by opportunity perception, individual cognition, resource constraints, institutional contexts, and market dynamics. This p
6 min read
The Triple Bottom Line Model: Integrating Economic Performance, Social Equity, and Environmental Sustainability
The Triple Bottom Line model has become one of the most influential frameworks for rethinking the purpose and performance of organizations in the twenty-first century. Coined by John Elkington in the 1990s, the concept challenges the traditional primacy of financial profit by asserting that organizational success should be evaluated across three interdependent dimensions: economic viability, social responsibility, and environmental stewardship. This paper offers an analysis o
4 min read
The Venture Capital Model: Governance, Incentives, and Value Creation in High-Growth Entrepreneurship
The venture capital model occupies a central position in modern entrepreneurial finance, serving as a primary mechanism for funding high-growth, innovation-driven firms under conditions of extreme uncertainty. Unlike traditional bank financing or public equity markets, venture capital is uniquely designed to support ventures with limited operating history, intangible assets, and unproven business models. This paper presents a PhD-level examination of the venture capital model
4 min read
Opportunity Discovery vs Opportunity Creation: Competing Models and Complementary Logics in Entrepreneurship Theory
The question of how entrepreneurial opportunities emerge lies at the heart of entrepreneurship theory. Among the most influential and debated perspectives are the opportunity discovery and opportunity creation models, which offer contrasting explanations of where opportunities come from and how entrepreneurs engage with them. Rather than representing a purely academic dispute, this theoretical divide has profound implications for research design, entrepreneurial education, an
4 min read
Inside JPMorgan’s Union Push: Why Software Engineers and Bankers Are Backing the JPMC Workers Alliance
In an industry historically resistant to organized labor, a surprising development is unfolding inside JPMorgan Chase. Software engineers, investment banking associates, and other employees are increasingly rallying behind a grassroots labor effort known as the JPMC Workers Alliance. While unionization is common in sectors like manufacturing and retail, it remains exceptionally rare in high finance, making this movement both unusual and significant. The push reflects deeper t
Financing Sources for Venture Capital: How Startups Secure Financing
For entrepreneurs, having the ability to access funding is an essential step towards launching and developing their business ideas. Due to the various funding challenges that entrepreneurs can face, there have been multiple funding programs created in order to help businesses thrive and encourage a healthy economy. This literature provides a review of venture capital, small business grants, commercial loans, private lending, and funding programs for micro-entrepreneurs. There
Best No-Code AI Platforms for Non-Technical Founders: A Complete Guide to Building Smart Products Without Coding
Artificial intelligence is no longer limited to engineers with deep technical expertise. Today, founders with big ideas and limited coding experience can harness the power of AI using intuitive, no-code platforms. Whether you want to launch an AI chat assistant, automate business processes, analyze customer sentiment, or build personalized experiences, no-code AI tools are transforming the entrepreneurial landscape. This comprehensive guide explores the best no-code AI platfo
AI vs Human Employees: The Real Cost Breakdown Every Small Business Needs to Understand
Small businesses have always operated under financial pressure. Limited capital, unpredictable revenue cycles, and rising labor costs force owners to scrutinize every hiring decision. In recent years, artificial intelligence has emerged as a powerful alternative to traditional human labor, promising lower costs, higher efficiency, and round-the-clock availability. This has sparked an intense debate among entrepreneurs: is it cheaper to hire AI tools or human employees? The qu
Inside JPMorgan’s Union Push: Why Software Engineers and Bankers Are Backing the JPMC Workers Alliance
In an industry historically resistant to organized labor, a surprising development is unfolding inside JPMorgan Chase. Software engineers, investment banking associates, and other employees are increasingly rallying behind a grassroots labor effort known as the JPMC Workers Alliance. While unionization is common in sectors like manufacturing and retail, it remains exceptionally rare in high finance, making this movement both unusual and significant. The push reflects deeper t
Is the U.S. Dollar Losing Its Edge in 2026? Why Global Investors Are Turning to China, India, and South Korea
For more than a decade, the U.S. dollar has stood as the dominant force in global finance, benefiting from economic resilience, high interest rates, and its status as the world’s primary reserve currency. However, 2026 may mark a pivotal shift. For the first time in roughly 15 years, the dollar is showing credible signs of sustained weakening, sparking widespread discussion among economists, investors, and policymakers. This potential decline is not occurring in isolation. It
ECB Survey Reveals ‘Unexpected’ Tightening in Bank Lending as Eurozone Credit Conditions Harden Into 2026
Just as businesses across the eurozone were hoping for a more accommodative financial environment, new data from the European Central Bank has delivered an unwelcome surprise. According to the ECB’s latest Bank Lending Survey, eurozone banks tightened their lending conditions for businesses in the final quarter of last year, a move that caught both policymakers and market participants off guard. Even more concerning is the expectation among lenders that this tightening trend
New Zealand Unemployment Hits Decade High at 5.4%, Signaling a Turning Point for the Labor Market and the Economy
New Zealand’s unemployment rate rising to 5.4% in the final quarter of 2026 marks a significant moment for an economy long associated with tight labor markets and strong employment outcomes. Up from 5.3% in the previous quarter, the increase may appear modest at first glance, but its symbolic weight is considerable. At 5.4%, unemployment has reached its highest level in more than a decade, underscoring how deeply economic conditions have shifted after years of global turbulen
Issues in Venture Capital
This literature review highlights venture capital and how changes in global technology have resulted in an increase in investments and how venture funding leans toward more established businesses. This can leave early-stage businesses under-served. Alternatively, there are other ways to obtain financing such as crowdfunding, angel investment, and government grants. This paper synthesizes prior research on crowdfunding models, highlighting their capacity to democratize access
Financing Sources for Venture Capital: How Startups Secure Financing
For entrepreneurs, having the ability to access funding is an essential step towards launching and developing their business ideas. Due to the various funding challenges that entrepreneurs can face, there have been multiple funding programs created in order to help businesses thrive and encourage a healthy economy. This literature provides a review of venture capital, small business grants, commercial loans, private lending, and funding programs for micro-entrepreneurs. There
Discovery and Creation of Entrepreneurial Opportunities: Understanding How New Ventures Begin
Entrepreneurship begins with opportunity. Whether launching a startup, introducing a new product, or reshaping an existing industry, entrepreneurial action is fundamentally driven by the perception that something valuable can be created. Yet one of the most enduring and intellectually stimulating debates in entrepreneurship research revolves around a deceptively simple question: Are opportunities discovered, or are they created? This question is far more than an academic curi
The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research: Why It Matters More Than Ever
Entrepreneurship has long been associated with bold founders, disruptive startups, and stories of extraordinary success. Yet behind these narratives lies a deeper and increasingly influential academic discipline. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a critical focus for entrepreneurs, driving the development of AI-based startups to address challenges in various sectors. Despite increased innovation from data availability and supportive digitization legislation, some in
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